2017 Summer: Chapter update

A few updates from ECS@UW:

1. Interested in data science and electrochemistry? There will be an ECS Hack Day event at the October ECS meeting in National Harbor (Washington, DC). More info and the application can be found here: http://www.electrochem.org/232/hack-day. If you have any questions please feel free to let me know.

2. Our next meeting for the summer Electrochemistry and Coffee series will be next Friday at 10am in MolES 315. Please note the change in the day. We will be discussing Chapter 7, Structure of the Electric Double Layer.

3. Officer elections will be coming up this fall. Please start thinking about how you can help make sure ECS@UW continues to bring together people from across campus, hold cool events like the Industry Panel, and cover topics like CV, EIS, and (potentially coming up) XANES. Positions include Chair, Vice Chair of Outreach, Vice Chair of Professional Development, Vice Chair of Education, Treasurer, Secretary, and Webmaster.

2017 Spring Journal Club: Separators in flow batteries

We have a biweekly meeting on the separators in redox-flow batteries hosted by Jon Witt this Thur. 2:30pm @ MoIEs 225.

Since we have the Awards day this Friday, we are going to move the meeting time this week to April 27th from 2:30 to 3:30pm in MolES 215.

Jon is going to give us a talk on the separators in flow batteries. Welcome to join us!

Ref:
1. Redox-Flow Batteries: From Metals to Organic Redox-Active Materials [Jan Winsberg]
2. Transport Property Requirements for Flow Battery Separators [Robert Darling]

Free the Batteries: Towards Bottom-up Renewable Grid Control

Free the Batteries: Towards Bottom-up Renewable Grid Control

Source: https://www.electrochem.org/redcat-blog/free-batteries-towards-bottom-renewable-grid-control/

This article refers to a recently published open access paper in the Journal of The Electrochemical Society, “Direct, Efficient, and Real-Time Simulation of Physics-Based Battery Models for Stand-Alone PV-Battery Microgrids.”

Renwable grid controlTesla engineered a good electric car successfully by engineering a car design that can accommodate large battery stacks. Our hypothesis is that the current grid control method, which is a derivative of traditional grid control approaches, cannot utilize batteries efficiently.

In the current microgrid control, batteries are treated as “slaves” and are typically expected to be available to meet only the power needs. Typically, if grid optimization is done at the higher level, and then batteries are used as slaves, including models that predict fade can be used in a bi-level optimization mode (optimize grid operations and at every point in time, optimize battery operation). This way of optimization will not yield the best possible outcome for batteries.

In a recently published paper, we show that real-time simulation of the entire microgrid is possible in real-time. We wrote down all of the microgrid equations in mathematical form, including photovoltaic (PV) arrays, PV maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controllers, batteries, and power electronics, and then identified an efficient way to solve them simultaneously with battery models. The proposed approach improves the performance of the overall microgrid system, considering the batteries as collaborators on par with the entire microgrid components. It is our hope that this paper will change the current perception among the grid community.

“Recently, aggressive and efficient control strategies for grid and renewable grids are heavily supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,” the authors state in the paper. “However, current perception amongst the grid community is that physics-based battery models are too complicated to be used in grid control.”

In our humble opinion, energy and information flow should be bidirectional and a renewable grid should be modeled and controlled simultaneously aiming for the best possible outcomes for all the devices including batteries. This will require strong collaboration between battery and grid modelers, application of nonlinear model predictive control techniques pioneered and championed by chemical engineering and other control communities. Both Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (grid modernization initiative) and the University of Washington have strong leaders in grid control and modeling. We hope to make progress in this topic.


Reference
S. B. Lee, C. Pathak, V. Ramadesigan, W. Gao, and V. R. Subramanian, “Direct, efficient, and real-time simulation of physics-based battery models for stand-alone PV-battery microgrids”, J. Electrochemical Society, 164 (11) E3026-E3034 (2017)

Five Questions for Technical Editor Venkat Subramanian

Five Questions for Technical Editor Venkat Subramanian

Source: https://www.electrochem.org/redcat-blog/five-questions-technical-editor-venkat-subramanian/

Venkat Subramanian is the Washington Research Foundation Innovation Professor of Chemical Engineering and Clean Energy at the University of Washington. His research efforts focus on computational models to bridge next-generation energy materials to battery management systems. Subramanian has recently been named a new technical editor of the Journal of The Electrochemical Society, concentrating in the electrochemical engineering Topical Interest Area.

What do you hope to accomplish in your role as technical editor?
I am humbled and honored to be a Journal of The Electrochemical Society technical editor and I hope to help improve the impact factor and reach of our journal without losing the rigor we are known for. In particular, the electrochemical engineering topical interest area serves a critical role of taking fundamental electrochemistry to industrial applications. My current aim is to promote both traditional and new industrial applications of electrochemistry across different scales.

What are some of the biggest barriers for authors and for readers in the current publishing model?
Once I had a proposal rejected in my early academic career wherein the reviewer criticized me for not being aware of a recent article. I called the program officer to convey my unfortunate situation of not having access to the specified journal at my institution. While there are interlibrary loans or other such mechanisms, they are not optimal for making progress in research. Research requires instantaneous and immediate access. If you don’t have it, you lose out to your competitors who have such access. Note that every proposal is (and should be) reviewed on its merit and not resources available at a particular institution. Open access is critical for researchers and scientists.

What is the role of the Journal Impact Factor in scientific publishing?
Whether we like it or not, perception matters. Many academic departments have become highly interdisciplinary. Impact factor plays a big role in tenure and promotion decisions and there may be only one faculty member working in the field of electrochemistry. While I personally don’t read or benefit much from journals with high impact factor*, I will strive hard to promote and improve the impact factor of the Journal of The Electrochemical Society and the perception about ECS journals in the scientific community.

What sets the Journal of The Electrochemical Society apart from others like it in the field?
ECS and the Journal of The Electrochemical Society are inclusive and open to accepting folks and researchers from various fields. ECS is friendly towards students and I very much appreciate the fact that ECS has not increased student membership fees and student registration fees drastically.

To give an example, a classic paper on battery modeling as applied for lithium-ion batteries was published in the Journal of The Electrochemical Society in 1993 by Professor John Newman’s group. While there are hundreds of follow-on papers (many published in very high impact factor journals), even as of today, this is the standard model and improvements to these models have been minimal in my humble opinion.

What role do you think electrochemistry has in solving some of society’s most pressing issues?
This is an opportune time to consolidate and enhance the status and role of electrochemistry and electrochemical engineering in chemical and other engineering, chemistry, and material science curricula and departments across the country.

In recent years, energy research has had a resurgence of interest due to concerns about humanity’s environmental footprint, due to issues such as the large-scale production of carbon dioxide and concerns about security and rapid global development. Technological innovations will be essential in addressing this global challenge. For fossil fuel systems, the emphasis has been on carbon dioxide mitigation, and control of fine particle and other pollutant emissions. The development of next-generation biofuels from plant-based sources will require a systems approach to account for all of the associated environmental, human, and economic costs.

Advances in materials to accelerate the development and implementation of cost effective solar-based technologies and energy-storage technologies will be essential. The training of a future workforce of broadly educated engineers and scientists, with strong technical skills will be essential. In this important area of research, electrochemists and electrochemical engineers are needed to play an active role in addressing these challenges.


*Subramanain’s current research involves mathematical formulation, simulation, and optimization. Most math oriented publications are typically not published in high-impact journals.